1812 – Indefatigable, the first direct convict transport from Britain to Tasmania arrives in Hobart.
1824 - Hume and Hovel reach the lower reach of the Murrumbidgee River. The river, in its upper part, had been discovered on 1 June 1823 by Europeans Brigade Major Mark J. Ovens and Captain J. Curri, but there is a claim for earlier European discovery by Charles Throsby in 1821.
1826 - H.M.S. Warspite (Captain Sir James Brisbane) arrives in Port Jackson on the way to South America.
1826 - Edwin Smith Hall produces the first issue of Sydney "Monitor". It went out of existence December 31, 1840.
1833 - Australian horseman and poet, Adam Lindsay Gordon, is born at Fayal, Azores. He arrived in Australia on 14 November, 1853. He took his own life at Picnic Point, Port Phillip, on 26 June, 1870.
1845 - Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt makes European discovery the Roper River in northern Australia, but loses three of his best horses whilst attempting to cross.
1860 - The Burke and Wills expedition leaves Menindie on its way to the Gulf.
1872 – Holtermann's nugget, a 286 kg slab of granite containing 82.11 kg of gold, was found in New South Wales.
1872 - Telegraphic communication between Europe and Australia completed.
1886 - Fortitude Valley Railway Bill passed in Legislative Assembly by Chairman's casting vote.
1887 - The railway to Hughenden, Queensland, is opened.
1887 - The steamer Cheviot is wrecked at Point Nepean, Victoria, 35 lives are lost.
1891 - Sir George Dibbs succeeds Sir Henry Parkes as Premier of New South Wales.
1896 - At a matinee in the Theatre Royal, Adelaide people saw for the first time the wonder of moving pictures.
1900 – Bill Ponsford, Australian batsman, is born in North Fitzroy, Melbourne. Ponsford is the only player to twice break the world record for the highest individual score in first-class cricket; Ponsford and Brian Lara are the only cricketers to twice score 400 runs in an innings. Ponsford holds the Australian record for a partnership in Test cricket, set in 1934 in combination with Donald Bradman (451 for 2nd wicket)—the man who broke many of Ponsford's other individual records. In fact, he along with Don Bradman set the record for the highest partnership ever for any wicket in Test cricket history when playing on away soil (451 runs for the second wicket).
1919 - Following the revolt against Federal officials at Port Darwin and the decision at a public meeting that they must leave, Judge Bevan, Director Carey, and Government Secretary Evans, sailed in the Bambra from Port Darwin for Fremantle.
1945 - The War Widow's Guild of Australia is founded. The guild's first president was Mrs Jessie Vasey, widow of Major General G.A. Vasey. Major General Vasey was killed in an aircraft accident near Cairns while returning to operational service. It is still an active organisation today.
1960 – Death of George Wallace, comedian, vaudevillian and film star, aged 65, at Kensington, New South Wales.
1979 – The Australian Federal Police is established.
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Sources:
- Australian War Memorial
- South Australian Historians
- This Day in History
- Anniversaries To-Day (1933, October 19). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 8.
- Anniversaries To-Day (1934, October 19). Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate (NSW : 1876 - 1954), p. 10.
- To-day's Yesterdays (1933, October 19). The Courier-Mail (Brisbane, Qld. : 1933 - 1954), p. 12.
- To-day's Anniversaries (1930, October 18). The Telegraph (Brisbane, Qld. : 1872 - 1947), p. 8.
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